External Research

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External Research

December 19, 2023

External researchers rely on FAIR Health data and publications for a broad array of studies featured in prominent journals and government reports. This year’s external research included studies from JAMA Health Forum, The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology and the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation (ASPE), among others. Topics included COVID-19, telehealth, substance use disorders and oncology.

External research came in two basic forms: studies making direct use of FAIR Health data, and research citing FAIR Health’s own data studies. FAIR Health remains strenuously neutral as to the points of view or conclusions expressed in the various published studies listed below.

Direct Use of FAIR Health Data

Aaron P Mitchell et al., “Pharmaceutical Industry Payments and Delivery of Non-recommended and Low Value Cancer Drugs: Population Based Cohort Study,” BMJ 383 (October 25, 2023): e075512.
The authors assessed the association between pharmaceutical industry payments to oncologists and the delivery of non-recommended and low-value interventions among their patients. The study used Medicare Fee-for-Service data maintained by FAIR Health.

Myriam Drysdale et al., “Real-World Effectiveness of Sotrovimab for the Treatment of SARS-CoV-2 Infection during Omicron BA.2 Subvariant Predominance: A Systematic Literature Review,” Infection (September 30, 2023).
This systematic literature review evaluated the evidence on the clinical effectiveness of sotrovimab for COVID-19 treatment during the period when the Omicron BA.2 subvariant predominated. The review made use of studies that relied on FAIR Health claims data.

Alison Cuellar and Anupam B. Jena, “Volume of Care for Primary Care Physicians in Integrated vs Independent Practices through the COVID-19 Pandemic,” JAMA Health Forum 4, no. 9 (September 1, 2023): e232883.
The authors studied changes to in-person and virtual care during the COVID-19 pandemic for patients treated by primary care physicians in independent versus vertically integrated practices. The study used FAIR Health claims data to obtain its sample of physicians.

Amber Davis et al., “Hospitalization and Mortality for Insured Patients in the United States with COVID-19 with and without Autism Spectrum Disorder,” Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders (April 6, 2023).
This article examined the odds of hospitalization and mortality among COVID-19 patients with autism spectrum disorder. The study used aggregated, de-identified medical claims data from FAIR Health’s private claims database on patients with autism spectrum disorder and a diagnosis of COVID-19.

Sourbha S. Dani et al., “Real-World Safety Analysis of Paclitaxel Devices Used for the Treatment of Peripheral Artery Disease,” Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology 34, no.7 (March 25, 2023): 1157-65.
This article investigated the real-world safety of paclitaxel (PTX)-coated devices for treating lower extremity peripheral artery disease. The study used FAIR Health’s National Private Insurance Claims data on patients who underwent procedures for treating femoropopliteal arterial occlusive disease with PTX and non-PTX devices.

Mindy M. Cheng et al., “Real-World Effectiveness of Sotrovimab for the Early Treatment of COVID-19 during SARS-CoV-2 Delta and Omicron Waves in the USA,” Infectious Diseases and Therapy 12 (January 11, 2023): 607-21.
This article analyzed the effectiveness of sotrovimab, a monoclonal antibody treatment against COVID-19. The study used the FAIR Health private claims database for de-identified, aggregated cohort-level data on patients with a diagnosis of COVID-19.

Sivagaminathan Palani et al., “A Benchmarking Approach for Characterizing Providers’ Patterns of Treating Patients with Substance Use Disorder,” Healthcare Analytics 3 (January 11, 2023): 100134.
This article established regional benchmarks for substance use disorder (SUD)-related services to help identify fraud, waste and abuse in SUD treatment. The study used FAIR Health’s de-identified and aggregated claims data on patients with SUD diagnoses.

Citations of FAIR Health Data Studies

Steven Taylor and Lauren Little, “Telehealth Competency Questionnaire-Consumer: Psychometric Validation of a Client-Centered Measure,” International Journal of Telerehabilitation 15, no 2 (December 12, 2023).
The authors described the development and validation of the Telehealth Competency Questionnaire-Consumer. The study cited FAIR Health’s Monthly Telehealth Regional Tracker.

American Hospital Association, 2024 Environmental Scan, December 2023.
This report contained data, surveys, trends and thought leadership to illustrate issues affecting hospitals and health systems. The authors cited FAIR Health’s Monthly Telehealth Regional Tracker.

Federal Communications Commission, Inquiry Concerning Deployment of Advanced Telecommunications Capability to All Americans in a Reasonable and Timely Fashion, GN Docket No. 22-270, Seventeenth Section 706 Report Notice of Inquiry, FCC 23-89 (October 25, 2023).
This notice of inquiry, pursuant to section 706 of the Telecommunications Act of 1996, initiated an annual assessment concerning the availability of advanced telecommunications capability to all Americans. The notice cited FAIR Health’s Monthly Telehealth Regional Tracker.

Scott D. Landes and Margaret A. Turk, “Health Equity for People with Intellectual and Developmental Disability Requires Vast Improvements to Data Collection: Lessons from the Covid-19 Pandemic,” Disability and Health Journal (September 10, 2023): 101539.
This commentary offered recommendations for improving data collection for people with intellectual and developmental disability in light of lessons learned during the COVID-19 pandemic. The authors cited a FAIR Health white paper on risk factors for COVID-19 mortality.

Abhishek Pandey et al., “Modelling the Impact of a High-Uptake Bivalent Booster Scenario on the COVID-19 Burden and Healthcare Costs in New York City,” The Lancet Regional Health – Americas 24 (July 27, 2023): 100555.
The authors assessed the impact of improved population-level COVID-19 booster coverage with bivalent vaccines in New York City. FAIR Health’s COVID-19 Cost Tracker was cited.

Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation (ASPE) Office of Health Policy, Updated Medicare FFS Telehealth Trends by Beneficiary Characteristics, Visit Specialty, and State, 2019-2021, research report, July 20, 2023.
This report described updated 2019-2021 trends in Medicare Fee-for-Service telehealth utilization. The authors cited a FAIR Health brief on the Monthly Telehealth Regional Tracker.

Krisda H. Chaiyachati et al., “Economics of a Health System’s Direct-to-Consumer Telemedicine for Its Employees,” American Journal of Managed Care 29, no. 6 (June 9, 2023).
The authors studied cost and utilization factors in a direct-to-consumer telemedicine service for medical center employees as compared to in-person care. The Monthly Telehealth Regional Tracker was cited.

Nicole K. McConlogue, “The Road to Autonomy,” Oklahoma Law Review 75, no. 4 (Summer 2023): 815-59.
The author argued for a positive right to autonomous mobility. A FAIR Health study on ground ambulance services was cited.

Siwen Wang et al., “Multidimensional Sleep Health Prior to SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Risk of Post–COVID-19 Condition,” JAMA Network Open 6, no. 5 (May 30, 2023): e2315885.
This article examined whether multidimensional sleep health was associated with the risk of post-COVID-19 condition. A FAIR Health white paper on patients with long-haul COVID was cited.

Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation (ASPE), Understanding Coverage Considerations for COVID-19 Vaccines and Treatments, report, August 2022 (updated May 2023).
This report outlined current and expected changes in coverage of COVID-19 vaccines and discussed the potential implications of such changes on savings and spending, as well as other key considerations for payors. The authors cited FAIR Health’s COVID-19 Cost Tracker.

Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation (ASPE) Office of Health Policy, Updated National Survey Trends in Telehealth Utilization and Modality (2021-2022), issue brief, April 19, 2023.
This brief described trends in telehealth utilization and modality between 2021 and 2022. A FAIR Health press release on FAIR Health’s Monthly Telehealth Regional Tracker was cited.

Ta-Hsin Li et al., “Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Treatment for Mental Health Needs: A Perspective on Service Use Patterns and Expenditures from Commercial Medical Claims Data,” BMC Health Services Research 23 (February 16, 2023): 163.
This article examined cost of healthcare services and use pattern changes before and after the outbreak of COVID-19 for patients with mental health needs. A FAIR Health white paper on the impact of COVID-19 on pediatric mental health was cited.

Emily R. Pfaff et al., “Coding Long COVID: Characterizing a New Disease through an ICD-10 Lens,” BMC Medicine 21 (February 16, 2023): 58.
This article analyzed the adoption and use of U09.9, the ICD-10-CM code for “Post COVID-19 condition, unspecified.” The authors cited a FAIR Health paper on patients diagnosed with post-COVID conditions.

FTI Consulting, “United States: Opportunities from the Evolution of Behavioral Health Care,” Mondaq (February 15, 2023).
This article discussed behavioral health and its interactions with multiple facets of the healthcare system, including telehealth. FAIR Health’s Monthly Telehealth Regional Tracker was cited.

Maria Elide Vanutelli et al., “A Contagious… Smile! Training Emotional Skills of Adults with Intellectual Disability in the Time of COVID-19,” Education Sciences 13, no. 2 (January 31, 2023): 149.
This article analyzed the efficacy of emotional competencies training to support people with intellectual disabilities. The authors cited a study conducted by FAIR Health on risk factors for COVID-19 mortality.

Evan Xu, Yan Xie and Ziyad Al-Aly, “Risks and Burdens of Incident Dyslipidaemia in Long COVID: A Cohort Study,” The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology 11, no. 2 (January 6, 2023): 120-28.
The study examined the risks and burdens of incident dyslipidemia in patients with long COVID. The authors cited a FAIR Health white paper on patients with long-haul COVID.

American Hospital Association, Environmental Scan 2023, January 2023.
This report provided a snapshot of past and present trends in hospitals and health systems, as well as data and projections for the future. The report’s authors cited FAIR Health’s Monthly Telehealth Regional Tracker.

Lia Silva de Castilho et al., “COVID-19 in People with Developmental Disabilities: A Scoping Review,” Acta Paulista de Enfermagem 36 (January 2023): eAPE02041.
This article reviewed observational evidence for COVID-19 in people with developmental disabilities. A FAIR Health white paper on risk factors for COVID-19 mortality was cited.